Objective: To observe the curative effect of 1% sodium hyaluronate (SH) injection in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods: SH injection was give 2 ml five times at intervals of one week through routine knee joint puncture, and compare Solu-Medrol sterile Powder (MP) injection was give 40 mg three times used the same ways. Results: The total effective rate was 94.2% after five weeks of etreatment in SH group. There was no recurrence of this disease in 88.4% of the patients 12 months after treatment. And in MP group, the total effective rate was 91.9%, 83.8% of the patients who had been cured didn't recurrent after 12 months. Two groups is no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: SH injection is an effective drug for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Its tenderness relief and no poision or less side effect.