To investigate the influence of spleen deficiency on memory. The model rats of spleen deficiency were made by diarrhea and fatigue, and then were administered sijunzi decoction, the levels of AchE, NOS, NO in the brain tissue were tested. The result showed that the levels of AchE in spleen deficiency group were obviously higher than that of control group and sijunzi decoction group (P<0.01, P<0.05), and NOS, NO was significantly lower than that of another two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Spleen deficiency depresses rats' ability of learning and memory.